By: Siti Rohmah and Ika Nurlia Saputri
English Department
Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University
To fulfill Pengembangan Media dan Sumber Belajar Assignment
1.
BACKGROUND
In order to communicate and write
effectively in English students need to have good foundation in grammar.
Unfortunately, many students still make grammatical errors when they speak or
write in English. This is because they did not give importance to grammar
because they find it complicated and confusing. Usually, most of the English
teachers approach grammar teaching very seriously, making the lesson dull and
uninteresting. So, the students easily felt bored during the grammar
lesson. Students are lack of interest, confidence and motivation when the
teachers use traditional method.
One of the biggest problems in learning structure is to
understand English Gerund and infinitive to- lesson because sometimes they are
confused to decide which is gerund or infinitive to- which has to use in the
sentence.
One way to reinforce the interest of
students in learning grammar and to avoid such
difficulties, we can use language game which is actually accelerates learning
in a number of ways that we will talk about it below. However it is absolutely vital that teenager
students know why they are using a particular game, what specific target
grammar or vocabulary are they practice, or what skill are they reinforcing by
using the game? If students know and understand why they are doing a particular
activity they will be much more inclined to cooperate and enjoy the learning.
The other big problem teachers have is the almost imperceptible progress students seem to
make from one week to the next. You may only see your students once a week and
by the time they come back for the next lesson they have forgotten it
all!
When this happens it simply means that your lessons are not
that good and the students are not that motivated so they certainly won't take
a few minutes out in the week to go over vocabulary or language as revision.
Although teachers are usually doing the best that they can
with the resources that they have, this kind of ordinary teaching is a plague
and it should be wiped out! Today there is no excuse to teach in an
ordinary way.
Therefore,
we have to take our role seriously and give it everything we have got.
2. WHAT
IS MEDIA?
Media is a thing which used to make teaching-learning
process become more interactive and effective in order to fulfill
teaching-learning goals. Learning
through interactive activities relaxes students,
helps bonding between class members and with the teacher and makes the
classroom atmosphere much more supportive for
learners. We can make it by using games as a media.
Oxford English Dictionary defines game as “an
activity with rules in which people or teams compete against each other”.
Students will get excited and when there is a competition among them.
They are challenging and highly motivating for the students. Games will make
students to learn and understand the rules easily without making them confuse
and complicated. Besides that, games can also remove the boredom of grammar.
There are many games that we can apply during the grammar lesson. One of it is
‘snake and ladder’. Snake and ladder game is not only eagerly played by
children. Adults too captivated with the game. This game can be also used to
teach grammar especially gerund and infinitive to-.
Students learn more effectively because the activity
grabs their attention and interest so naturally they make more effort to
concentrate and retain language.
Students get involved in the activity itself and are more inclined
therefore to contribute in class, so even the shy students come forward to join
in. Beginners and lower intermediates in particular need a lot of repetition in order to fully absorb
new vocabulary and grammar and this can be done through fun language
games.
Using enough variety in the type of activity by using game
as a media will bring all four learning
styles into play: auditory, visual, kinesthetic and tactile. This
not only benefits the student who learns predominantly from one learning style,
but it helps all students retain information better. Games allow for the use of
setting time limits on tasks and using competition or races to increase student focus and give
an exciting buzz to an activity that could otherwise be quite mundane.
By using this game as a media, it will allow for
students to work together in small groups in a highly structured way, yet
giving them independence to practice constructively, in a supportive
atmosphere, without the constant presence of the teacher. This allows your
students to get the most out of lesson time, by spending it speaking English.
With an abundance of great ideas for games and
activities that you can adapt easily to practice any language point you will
never be at a loss if you finish early or suddenly have to take an unexpected
extra class..
3.
WHAT ARE CARD,
SNAKE AND LADDER GAME?
Snakes and ladder is a game
of luck played by between two and six players. Although it is marketed for
children, it can be played and enjoyed by all ages. It is played on a ten by
ten square board, numbered from one to 100; one is the starting square and 100
the end square. There are various amounts of snakes and ladders of differing
lengths printed on the board, and a single die; the use of a dice-shaker is
optional. Usually, colored counters are used as playing pieces, but colored
buttons or any other objects small enough to fit on the playing squares can be
used.
The varying lengths of the
snakes and ladders will move a player's piece backwards or forwards, slowing
down or speeding up their race to the end. Some of the snakes and ladders are
short and are only a small setback, or a small advantage.
4.
THE AIM OF
USING THOSE MEDIA? IS IT TEACHING AID OR TEACHING RESOURCE?
Most of the students are still not conscious about the
structure and usage of the gerund and infinitive to-. As a result, they tend to
make errors in their sentences. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate
whether snake and ladder game is effective to learn gerunds and
infinitive to, and also to distinguish the usage both of them.
5.
PROCEDURE
AND THE RULE
Aim
The aim of the game is to be the
first player to reach square 100.
Set up
Split the students into 4-5 groups.
You will need one board for all groups, one counter per group and a pack of
cards for all groups.
How to play?
All
players start with their playing piece off the board, with square number one as
the first square to count on their turn. More than one playing piece can occupy
the same square. There is no extra turn for rolling a six. It is a good idea to
clarify the rules before the start of the game.
We decide who will be the first
player, second player, and so on. Then, place the counters next to square one. Each
group takes it in turning to play after they take a card randomly and answers
the question on the card correctly. The step that they can take is depended on
the number which noted on the cards. If he or she makes a mistake then he or
she should miss a go.
When a
player lands on a square containing the foot of a ladder, they move up to the
top of the ladder. When a player lands on a square containing a snake's head,
they move down the snake, right down to the end of the snake's tail.
The
winner is the first player to reach the end of the board; square 100. There are
different rules for how this square can be reached. The other is that the exact
numbers need not be rolled; decide at the beginning of the game which rule to
follow.
What are
kinds of the question provided on the card?
In every
card consist of multiple choice questions. For example:
Have you consider_____ to an apartment
closer to your office?
a.
Move
b.
To move
c.
Moved
d.
Moving
e.
To be moving
Answer: D because ‘consider’ is one of verb that have to
follow by using gerund.
The students not only have to choose the right answer,
but also have to explain the reason why they choose it.
6.
EXPECTATION
By using this game as a media, we hope:
a.
Can help
students in reinforcing the interest of students in learning grammar,
especially in learning gerund and infinitive to-.
b.
Will be much more
inclined to cooperate and enjoy the learning.
c.
Make teaching-learning process become more interactive
and effective in order to fulfill teaching-learning goals
REFFERENCES
Vemon, Shelly. Who Else Wants To Use These 175 Games To Inject Fun and
Enthusiasm Into Their ESL Classroom And Watch Their Students Learn English 200%
Faster!. Available at http://www.teachingenglishgames.com/adults.htm
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